Comodines de PowerShell | Tipos de expresiones comodín en PowerShell

Introducción a los comodines de PowerShell

Los comodines son patrones que se utilizan para hacer coincidir varios caracteres. Se utilizan para especificar ciertos patrones en los cmdlets para filtrar los resultados o devolver solo los resultados que coincidan con el comodín especificado. Hay cuatro tipos de comodines disponibles en PowerShell. Se representan como *, ?, [m-n] y [abc]. Se puede utilizar más de un patrón comodín al mismo tiempo. Muchos cmdlets en PowerShell aceptan parámetros comodín. Los cmdlets que aceptan caracteres comodín como entrada no distinguen entre mayúsculas y minúsculas. También se pueden usar comodines en un cmdlet para filtrar las propiedades que están disponibles en los resultados del cmdlet. Este artículo cubrirá en detalle los comodines, sus tipos y su uso junto con varios ejemplos.

Tipos de comodines en PowerShell

Hay cuatro tipos de comodines disponibles en PowerShell.

Sintaxis:

1) *: Denota que el patrón coincidente debe tener cero o más caracteres. Si solo se utiliza *, se devuelven todos los caracteres coincidentes.

Ejemplo: Ba* devolverá bagubali, batcha, basel. No volverá como Estados Unidos, África.

2) ?: Denota que un carácter en la posición debe coincidir.

Ejemplo: ?b devolverá ab, cb,db y no devolverá aa,ac,aj.

3) []: Esto indica que se debe verificar que un patrón dentro del rango coincida.

Ejemplo: [a-c]de devolverá ade, bde y no coincidirá con zde.

4) []: Coincide solo con los caracteres específicos mencionados en el rango.

Ejemplo: [ab]tef coincidirá con atef y btef.

Ejemplos para implementar comodines de PowerShell

A continuación se muestran ejemplos de comodines de PowerShell:

Ejemplo #1

Código:

Write-Host "Welcome to wild card in powershell example"
Write-Host "Welcome to wild card in powershell example"
Write-Host "welcome to * wild card demo"
Write-Host "listing all txt files inside a folder"
Get-ChildItem C:\Users\EDUCBA\*.txt
write-host "Filtering services running on the machine"
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "net*"}
Write-Host "listing all excel files inside a folder"
Get-ChildItem C:\Users\EDUCBA\*.xlsx
Write-Host "Recurrsing through a sub folders and finding all text files"
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\\Users\EDUCBA\*.txt -Recurse -Force
Write-Host "Recurrsing through a sub folders and finding all excel files"
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\\Users\EDUCBA\*.xlsx -Recurse -Force

Salida:

Ejemplo #2

Código:

Write-Host "Welcome to wild card in powershell example"
Write-Host "welcome to ? wild card demo"
Write-Host "listing services"
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "???logon"}
write-host "Filtering services running on the machine"
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "??logon"}
write-host "listing services running on the machine"
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "?logon"}
Write-Host "Recurrsing through a sub folders and finding all text files"
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\\Users\EDUCBA\*.txt -Recurse -Force
Write-Host "Recurrsing through a sub folders and finding all excel files"
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\\Users\EDUCBA\*.xlsx -Recurse -Force

Salida:

Ejemplo #3

Código:

Write-Host "Demo of wild card charcaters in powershell"
Write-Host "demo of [] wild card pattern"
$input=@("one","two","three","four","five","oneone","onetwo","onethree","aone","bone","cone")
Write-Host "Word contains one"
$input -like "[a-z]one"
$input=@("abone","two","three","abfour","five","aboneone","onetwo","onethree","aone","bone","abonethree")
Write-Host "word contains abone"
$input -like "[ab]one"
$input=@("abone","two","three","abfour","five","aboneone","onetwo","onethree","aone","bone","abonethree")
Write-Host "word contains multiple filters"
$input -like "[a-d][b-f]one"

Salida:

Ejemplo #4

Código:

Write-Host "Demo of wild card charcaters in powershell"
Write-Host "demo of match specific characters wild card pattern"
$input=@("one","two","three","four","five","oneone","onetwo","onethree","aone","bone","cone")
Write-Host "Word contains one"
$input -like "[o]ne"
$input=@("abone","two","three","afour","five","aboneone","onetwo","onethree","aone","bone","abonethree","cfour","bfour","dfour")
Write-Host "word contains four"
$input -like "[abcd]four"
$input=@("abone","two","three","abfour","five","aboneone","onetwo","onethree","aone","bone","abonethree")
Write-Host "word contains multiple filters"
$input -like "[a-d][b-f]one"

Salida:

Ejemplo #5

Código:

Write-Host "Demo of wild card charcaters in powershell"
Write-Host "demo of multiple wild card pattern"
Write-Host "Applying multiple wild card pattern in list of services"
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "*n?t*"}
$inout=@("vignesh","nandhini","vyapini","ashiwini","hini","madhu")
$inout -like "[a-z][a-d]*"
$inout=@("vignesh","nandhini","vyapini","ashiwini","hini","madhu")
$inout -like "*ne[s-z]?o*"
$inout=@("vignesh","nandhini","vyapini","ashiwini","hini","madhu")
$inout -like "*ne[s-z]?"

Salida:

Ejemplo #6

Código:

write-host "Demo of wild card operator"
Write-Host "Match with wildcard charcaters for a single string"
$input="My name is ramesh"
$input -match "na*"
Write-Host "Match without wildcard charcaters for a single string"
$input -match "na"
Write-Host "Match with wildcard charcaters for a collection"
$input="abc", "abcd", "abdsf","erert"
$input -match "ab*"
Write-Host "Match without wildcard charcaters for a collection"
$input="abc", "abcd", "abdsf","erert"
$input -match "ab"
Write-Host "Not Match with wildcard charcaters for a single string"
$input="My name is sacinn tendulkar"
$input -notmatch "za*?"
Write-Host "Not Match without wildcard charcaters for a single string"
$input -notmatch "za"
Write-Host "Not Match with wildcard charcaters for a collection"
$input="abc", "abcd", "abdsf","erert"
$input -notmatch "za[-z]*"
Write-Host "Not Match without wildcard charcaters for a collection"
$input="abc", "abcd", "abdsf","erert"
$input -notmatch "za[u]"

Salida:

Ejemplo #7

Código:

Write-Host "Example of Wild card usage in PowerShell"
Write-Host "demo of match specific characters wild card pattern"
$input=@("test","test1","test2","test3","test4","test1test","test1test","test2test","test3test","test4test","test5test")
Write-Host "Word contains test"
$input -like "[t]est*"
$input=@("test","test1","test2","test3","test4","test1test","test1test","test2test","test3test","test4test","test5test")
Write-Host "word contains test1"
$input -like "test*"
$input=@("test","1test1","test2","test3","test4","test1test","test1test","test2test","test3test","test4test","test5test")
Write-Host "word contains multiple filters"
$input -like "?test1"
Write-Host "Demo of wild card charcaters in powershell"
Write-Host "demo of multiple wild card pattern"
Write-Host "Applying multiple wild card pattern in list of services"
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "*n?t*"}
$inout=@("test","test1","test2","test3","test4","test1test","test1test","test2test","test3test","test4test","test5test")
$inout -like "[a-z][a-d]*"
$inout=@("test","test1","test2","test3","test4","test1test","test1test","test2test","test3test","test4test","test5test")
$inout -like "*ne[s-z]?o*"
$inout=@("test","test1","test2","test3","test4","test1test","test1test","test2test","test3test","test4test","test5test")
$inout -like "*ne[s-z]?"

Salida:

Ejemplo #8

Código:

Write-Host "Example of wild card characters"
$input= "sdfsdfdsf","adsadsad","test","test1"
$input -contains "test*"
$input= "sdfsdfdsf","adsadsad","test","test1"
$input -contains "dfsdf?*"
Write-Host "Demo of multiple check values wild card"
$input="one","two","three","four","five"
$input -contains "one?","two*"
$input="one","two"
$input, "three","four" -ccontains $input
$input= "sdfsdfdsf","adsadsad","dfdf","sdf"
$input -notcontains "test"
$input= "sdfsdfdsf","adsadsad","test","test1"
$input -notcontains "test"
$input="one","two","three","four","five"
$input -notcontains "one","two"
$input="one","two"
$input, "three","four" -notcontains $input

Salida:

Ejemplo #9

Código:

Write-Host "Demo of wild card charcaters in powershell"
Write-Host "demo of [] wild card pattern"
$input=@("india","china","america","africa","thailand","sweden","germany","poland","austria","belgium","srilanka")
Write-Host "country staring with a"
$input -like "a*"
$input=@("india","china","america","africa","thailand","sweden","germany","poland","austria","belgium","srilanka")
Write-Host "word contains be"
$input -like "be*"
$input=@("india","china","america","africa","thailand","sweden","germany","poland","austria","belgium","srilanka")
Write-Host "word contains multiple filters"
$input -like "[a-d][b-f]*"

Salida:

Conclusión

Por lo tanto, el artículo cubrió en detalle las expresiones comodín en PowerShell. También explicó los tipos de expresiones comodín que están disponibles y su uso con ejemplos apropiados. El artículo explica en detalle cada tipo de expresión comodín con los programas de muestra correspondientes. El uso conjunto de múltiples expresiones comodín también se explica en detalle junto con un programa de demostración apropiado. Para obtener más información en detalle, es recomendable escribir y practicar programas de muestra.